The 360-Day Year: How it Was Butchered

From; Wauchope, R. (1975) Handbook of Middle American Indians  vol 14:  Guide to Ethnohistorical Sources, part 3, Austin, T exas: Inioversity of Texas Press. Fig. 73 #2: after Valadés,  Rhetorica cristiana, 1579.  

        Since the meteorite that hit the world was calculated to have arrived about 65 million years ago, no one yet has explained the collective memories of the world who have described the greatest disaster ever to befall it. Humans, even if they existed 40 mya could never have recalled an event that occurred at least 25 million years earlier in earth time.

     And again, why were the calendars of the Maya re-created to read differently then the original researchers were able to determine, just by reading both the myths and texts that were available to them? Why would there have been such a "cover-up" of the data that, by the way, is still available to all? (See the above calender from 1579 or so.)  The Veytia Chart is an excellent example of the native calendar even in 1579 and later scholars such as: Manuel Leon-Portilla, Jacques Soustelle, the Madrid Codex, have since confirmed such a calendar.

     Since a 13-month year would only make a 260-day calendar, the actual number of months has to match Sahagún's number of months, i.e. 18 months,  Yet, somewhere along the line, someone decided that the only calendar of worth was the 260-day calendar of the horoscopes.

      Such calendar features were never useful to history nor have they been useful in any modern calendars, no matter how many rulers believed [or still believe] in the "luck of the [good] stars and the "evil portends" of the bad ones.

      

     These concepts would only agree with the gestation period of a pregnant women, AND with the church doctrine, that Mary's Immaculate Conception was in March and Christ's birth was in December. However, this is NOT a religious or a medical definition blog.

      The 260-day horoscope calendar is the only other "numeration" that gives us any verification that the 13-week is also the four agricultural seasons, from burning the milpas, planting the maize, and the final harvest, with a whole extra season to celebrate a good harvest to be eaten, sold, or traded for necessities, and to thank their God for it.

      The five extra days were added outside of the four quarters,  even though they had to be taken into account after the years that produced no food. Yes, the skies had changed and the growing season also had to be accommodated to fit these odd days that had been added to the years.  

      The current concept of the calendar in Mexico proper is touted by those who learned the calendar from their parents and ancestors.  Near El Tajin, the Voladores spin from their poles and the waiters and concessions nearby are equiped with some excellent information based on the ancient glyphic calendar system:

       The four flyers, who are hand-picked to start their training at age 10, circle the pole 13 times each, he says, giving a total of 52 revolutions. The number 52, aside from being the number of weeks in a year, was important in Mesoamerican culture, which had two calendars -- the 365-day solar year and a 260-day ritual year. The calendars coincided every 52 solar years.……………" (See Flights of Fancy, JOURNEYS - THE SPIRIT OF DISCOVERY: BRENDAN SAINSBURY at  Side Panel)

       Nevertheless, it was still necessary to retain the old calendar of the Maya (and the Aztecs, Mixtec, etc); otherwise, the glyphs and ancient histories in the Codices and on monuments can never be read properly. The horoscope has its place in the world, of course; but if the 13 are the number of weeks in a season, not the numbering of days, and the 52 revolutions are the current 365.25 number of weeks in a year, does one follow the 20 days per each of the 18 months that is found in the Codices, or are scholars to follow the information given out for the later centuries in Mesoamerica?

     The ancient solar calendar, world wide, was originally 360 days, even in those  codices. And, as above, in the VII century AD, the Copan Academy of Science changed the calendars to fit a 365-day year.  Is that information to be destroyed by an overabundance of computer calculations that does not know to differentiate between the centuries of change? Even the Julian count does not accommodate the archaic calendar since it does not know when or how the calendar had to be altered to begin with.

       So when was it decided that the original calendar had to be ousted? As far as I have been able to research the calendar, there is a new note in Jose Castillo-Torre (1955. 193) Por la Seňa de Hunab Ku in which he gives some very interesting data about the first day of the first month of the year 1583/4.

      It has been believed that Hunab Ku was a New Age movement in Mexico that is way off base from the original beliefs of the native population. Yet, this particular book is a very short but concise history of various monks, and locations in Mexico up until the calendar was completely altered by the church in 1583/4 AD.

        The method used by the church at that time, was ;first to create month names so that it would make it easier to match the Eurasian years.  Then it was necessary to choose the first day of the first momth.  The name of the first month of the year was 0 POP from the date July 26 the Eurasian year.  The first day had to be a match so it became One IMIX from the Eurasian date February 8.

        Now how that was supposed to "match" the Eurasian year, I do not know and Jose Castillo-Torre could not explain it either.  He was just a historian who wrote out the data he had researched and when he could not explain it, he only added all his references in the back of the book so that anyone could do the research on their own. The new search might pick up information that his had missed.

   

    

There were Five More Days in The Year? Really?

FIg. 01:  When the sky was raised, Two trees it held up:
that of the Beautiful Rose Tree and that called the Tree of the Warrior (Orion)
[The square eyes on the faces indicate surprise about the event.]

   No one really reads the Madrid Codex any more.  Figures used for the calendar entries are  almost useless in identifying even the well-known Blue Star [with its turquoise colored teeth] found in the other codices, AND in the Popol Vuh.  Even so, it goes into great detail about the journey of the heavenly "bees" that caused great blisters, similar to hot resin or splashing, burning turpentine on both man a beast. M-109 appears to be when the main "bee god" leaves his home and leads his heavenly citizens to the Planet Earth, Yet, it was not until after the heavenly "bee" homes were cut with axes.

    Even so, a common "pendulum" problem is found only illustrated as the six Tikal Bones with the Paddler Gods and their broken canoe as it "waffles like a pendulum" in the waters of the mythical star river called the Milky Way.

    A grandfather clock is different, it is moving in relation to the wound-up spring inside the clock that is turned with a key every night. It is completely dependent up the holder of that key. If the key is not used by the person to tighten the spring, the clock will stop of its own accord.

    But where the planet Earth is concerned, there is are two-whammies to consider. One, that it orbits around the sun during a year; and, two, that it also spins in a lop-sided circle every 24 hours.  So in effect, we have a circle within a great oval. It is similar to the cog-like composites of the Maya calendar and how it handles the uneven day count (of 13 days) with the wildly different month count (of 20 months), that includes a larger cog of Katuns.

    WOULD IT NOT BE INTERESTING IF it were in fact 13 MONTHS OF 20 DAYS EACH? One could probably then connect the information better to our own calendar years. But that is too simple an explanation. NEVERTHELESS, it is well documented that the calendar of Meso-America had been redesigned so many times that even Bishop Noriega of the Spanish church in Mexico in the XVIII century could not keep up with the changes made.

    He, in frustration, wrote of those multiple changes his Despedida to the parishes within his See.  For that matter, the Madrid Codex, shows that there were 20 days in each calendar month that began with Imix. But Imix was not a month, instead it seemed to start a 20-day cycle, having 18 "months" in one year of 360 days.  That would have made it 180 days for one half of a year with a quarter of the year (as three of our months) or 90 days.

     That, in turn, would have agreed with the cycles of the year  (1) burning [90 days], (2) planting [90 days], (3) harvesting [90 days] and (4) 70 days for preparation for a grandiose "Thank you" festival for the Maize God [to be held during the last 20 days of the year]. A much more sensible calendar with a serious purpose. The above change to the calendar, even adding the five extra days would not be a disaster. And it would probably help in re-establishing proper year counts.

     Respected researchers in the scholarly world actually did discover the 18 months of 20 days in each month. They are: Sahagún, J. Soustelle, M. Leon-Portilla,  José Castillo-Torre, the hidden narrators of the Popol Vuh, [as an astronomy book] together with the Madrid Codex, is to mention just a few.

     Who was it that chose to ignore these venerable scholars in favor of a more modern translations? By returning to  their investigations, would that not create better calculations of the Maya calendar system?

The Paddler Gods And Their Transportation

       Are the Tikal Bones giving us more information than is expected? Do the Fisherfolk of the Milky Way (estuary) have any purpose, or were they just a notice to the readers of the glyphs that the waters where the canoe is located, is part of the god-world of the stars?

Fig. 01:  MT 51A. Canoe breaking up going forward;
 

Fig. 02: MT 38D

Fig. 03:  MT 38C. Canoe breaking up moving backward  ards

Fig. 04: D-MT 51B

Fig. 05: MT 38B. Half-drowned gods recovering in the boat,

Fig. 06:  Fig 07:  F-MT 38A.  The new boat with recovered gods.

[All six bones can be found in Kelley, (1977, 234-5) Fig 80]

     Who supplied an alternate transport for the travelers? The Paddler Gods are no longer in the broken canoe which moved forward and then backward  (to and fro) the same direction as the Milky Way when  it broke apart.

Are the Paddler Gods the Twins of the Popol Vuh

     What we don't know about the Milky Way, even when the records tell us differently.


 If the Milky Way broke in half, and the sky fell down, as reported by the Aztecs, the half of the Milky Way they were traveling on was the that of the "beautiful rose tree."  The other leg of the Via Lacta was the Tree of the Warrior (the constellation Orion.)

Fig. 07:  Dickenson, Terrence, (1998,109) Nightwatch: A Practical Guide to Viewing the Universe.
Willowodale, Onatario, Canada: Firefly Books, Chart 10

    The interesting thing about this view of the Via Lacta (The spiral of the Milky Way) is that it contains all of the constellations mentioned as the two trees.  Orion is on the right, and Cygnus with Deneb is a bit above Orion on the left. 

    Now, if one considers that the Via Lacta (Milky Way) is still circling the earth as it once did, but instead of completely around the Equator, as it once was, [i.e, like a small "o" with the Earth, as a dot in the middle ], it is now changed it shape to be like  a capital "O," or better still, like a narrower "0."  It now has a 23.5 degree slant for Winter and another for Summer.

      It does not take much imagination to remember that which we know.  That  the Milky Way does not change position at all nor does the Sun. It is the Earth that moves from one tilt [side] to the other [side].

Fig. 08:   Earth's New "Tilt"  23.5 degrees north and 23.5 degrees south of the Equator

With the sun no longer struggling to shine while being half hidden by the Milky Way Stars.

     With the North Pole reaching for the sun (on the left) it is June 21st.  and upwards, toward the North Pole and the summer Triangle, it has left winter with Orion in Peru  On the right side, winter is returning to the North Pole with Orion, and pushing the Sun down into Peru with the Summer Triangle, south of the Equator.

Fig. 09: The 90 degree change between
our Summer and Peru's Summer Triangle

     When there is a change in the seasons, the southern area is ALWAYS sees the reverse of the Northern area. It is as if the tilt of the earth only sees one spiral of the Milky Way, no matter which way the earth is tilted. As seen in Fig. 09, the tilt of the Summer Triangle is only a change of 90 degrees  in the direction that the arrow is pointing.
  
     That is a difficult thing for us to understand because we see two separate spirals (so we thought) of the Via Lacta.  When, in fact, there is only one spiral involved with the planet Earth.


     The passengers in the canoe were going around the earth, until the sky fell. Then they were heading northward, carrying the Howler Monkey (the sounds of a comet/meteorite coming in low on the horizon) from his northwestern home in the sky. Xolotl, (or Xbalenque) the other half of the double comet will sacrifice himself and fall into the sea, in order to save the sun. The Iguana will remain with its tail in the earth and his head in the heavens, while the Maize God will make sure that the survivors will have food by his rebirth, until lthe crops will grow again in drier soil. Seven Macaw with supply the Twins of the PV with the debris (his turquoise teeth) while other differently named gods and goddesses with do the same for other tribes in the area.


      Did anyone notice that the Fisherfolk in the Milky Way (estuary) supplied their BOAT for the travelers? The Paddler Gods are no longer in the broken canoe which moved forward and then backward  (to and fro) as the Milky Way as they knew it broke apart 

What did the Aztecs say about it all?

In the Aztec world, the Four Suns are noted with the Second and the Third Suns having odd numbers for the years, but when 364 and 312 years are combined they equal 676 years.  In other words the two events, the fire (rains) fell, then the flooding occurred when the dust of the comet turned into the larger meteorites of the star debris as it fell into the ocean and the gulf.

Ehecatonatiuh (Sun of the Air) (364 years)

(Symbol: the head of a crocodile, the earth)

“Second Epoch [was] at the end of which humanity was destroyed by violent winds. The gods transformed human beings into apes, in order that they might cling better and not be carried away by the hurricanes, thus originating the similarity between the human race and the simians…This was because large forests had been found razed by tornadoes”

___________________________

Quiauhtonatiuh (Sun of Celestial Fire and Rain (312 years)

 (Symbol: A turquoise headdress with fire from the eyes.

             

“Third Cosmogonic epoch [was that] in which everything was extinguished by the rain of lava and fire. Men were transformed at this time into birds, thus saving themselves from the slaughter… in our territory and also on account of the discovery of huts and skeletons under layers of lava and ashes. They justified this belief due to the many signs of volcanic activities.”

___________________________

Atonatuih (Sun of Water) (676 years)

“This means the fourth epoch, represented by the head of Chalchiuhtlicue, goddess of water, feminine aspect of Tlaloc, at the end of which everything perished in the terrific storms and torrential rains that covered the earth. Reaching the peaks of the highest mountains the gods changed men into fishes to save them from this universal deluge…” “The discovery of different fossilized species of marine fauna on the top of the mountains, created the basis for this belief. ”

________________________________

Ocelotonatiuh (Sun of Jaguar) (676 years)

[It] “was the first and most remote of the Four Cosmogenic epochs, in which the giants who had been created by the gods, lived. They did not plow the soil but lived in caves, ate wild fruit and roots. They were finally attacked and devoured by the jaguars. The basic epoch of the Aztecs goes back to the quaternary, since they discovered bones of pre-diluvium animals buried in deep gullies below dense lythospheric layers.” (National Museum of Anthropology. Adrián García Valadés y Silvia Gómez Tagle. 1st edition. México DF México: García Valadés Editores.) 

    

Hence, the second and third Suns become the third 676 years.  All four even appeared numerically in the same sequence indicated by the Hopi, the most important was the last, mraning what has been found on the earth as our Cretaceous Period of Geology, was under the great flood that was titled the Fourth Age. In this way, the First Age, that of Atonatuih (Sun of Water) (676 years) became the new Fourth Age.

The Hopi had been told the numeration of their nine prophecies had to be followed by making the Ninth prophecy into the first historic statement of the nine, since the first eight were actual occurrences of the migration across North America.

Edmund Nequatewa (1967) stated:  

               So if he [Bahana] ever did come there were to be sure to ask him about his 
               books  which they thought would contain his secrets and it was said that the 
               book of truth would not be on top, but at the very bottom.  After all the other 
               books.

        Nequatewa, Edmund, (1967) Truth of a Hopi: Stories Relting to the    origin, myths, and clan  histories o f the Hopi, Flagstaff, Arizona: Northland Publishing in cooperation with the Msueum  of  Northern Arizona [p. 41] 

Don't want to believe that the Aztec and the Maya were cognizant of the events of the disaster. Don't have to. . . it is enough that the records are available, nor only in the Mesoamerican world, but also in the North American world of the Hopi who also state, again at the end of their prophecies, not in the beginning, that:

                                 You will hear of a dwelling-place in the heavens, 

                                  above the earth, that shall fall with a great crash. 

                                  It will appear as a blue star. 

                                  These are the Signs that great destruction is coming. 

                                  The world shall rock to and fro.   

                                                                                           Ghost Wolf, R. (2005)

                                                                                      <http://www.crystalinks.com/hopi3.html>

So should we worry about the 2012 event that is included in the prophecy of the Hopi?  I don't think so since the "blue star" is not in the sky, nor are the double comets of the Maya Popol Vuh, or Mary Miller and Karl Taube's description of Tlaltecuhtli's demise in the heavens.

The Popol Vuh, A Misunderstood Astronomy Book

If you can find the book by  José Castillo-Torre (1955) called Por la Señal de Hunab Ku:  Reflejos de la Vida de los Antiguos Mayas. Mexico, DF,  Mexico: Libreria de Manuel Porrúa, SA, you might compare what is written (beginning with the prologue  Prayer to Father Sun and Mother Moon,) and see how scholarship has changed things drastically in the last sixty years.

I am prone to believe Jose, than others because it seems to match the actual events found in the Popol Vuh  after combining the causes and the effects, that are stated first as factual (i.e burning rains), then as symbolically (ie. as bees, wasps whose stings that "burn" painfully after having been stung.) But it does not mention the Popol Vuh directly,  only inferring that problems were  solved after the major event in the sky that affected their agriculture planting schedule.

We can then, jump ahead into the 20th century,  to discover just what our astronomers actually know about, not a nova that has exploded, [they do have that information] but how it began to shine in the sky until it was so bright that it seemed to be another moon, then another sun, until it finally disintegrated in the sky.  An e-zine called SPACE.com recently during the first week of April, 2012, had their Staff write up  Top 10 Star Mysteries: about  Super Novas in  general.  Number 3 reads:

         "…gravity’s inward push tears apart the star’s innards. The explosion propels jets 
          of high-energy light and matter out into space."  

The first part is correct, the nova is torn apart from its innards. But we find that: "Since Johannes Kepler’s supernova was spotted in 1604, astronomers haven’t witnessed one in our own galaxy." from its beginning to its demise. There are no records in modern astronomy of the whole sequence of events from the birth of a nova to its demise.

No wonder, no one wants to believe that a myth such as the Maya Popol Vuh,  the Hopi Prophecies, or even the Rg Veda from India could contain specific grains (actually huge boulders) of information that have been ignored for centuries. Sure there had been children's stories about Chicken Little to ridicule the older folk who kept telling their families, and anyone else that would listen, that some day "the sky might fall in on their heads again."

The picture above, on the Web March 28, 2012 [news.com.au,  http://www.news.com.au/world/man-literally-stuck-in-the-mud/story] is about a man who slipped and fell into the mud but thanks to  Emergency Personnel, and one quick-thinking man who helped to clear his airways so the  man could breath, and survived after being 40 minutes in the mire, encased in mud.

The Popol Vuh has such a story, about "a [single] man of mud" who survived long enough to rise up, even with his twisted neck, to ask for help in a garbled voice.  However, he slid under the muck too soon for the awe-struck Maya search party. It all happened so suddenly, that the Maya probably had thought the apparition was an old creation of their gods sent as a warning that one must never forget the gods of the Earth, Sea and Sky again.  After all, there had been a great flood that came from the sea after the rains of burning resin or turpentine fell from the sky.

The other event that happened shortly afterward, was after the Birth of the Fifth Sun had been around long enough to dry out the land.  The searchers then could climb the mountains. What they found were both men and animals so "dried out" from the sun that they called these broken bodies "wooden manikins."

We believe photographs of men or animals (a horse had also fallen into a mud hole and struggled for its life, but in a different news blurb on the same day.) However, we no longer believe such tall tales of people who could rise out of the mud, or that what appeared to be carved wooden figures might have been real people who were thrown up on the mountain sides, yet washed completely free of the mud as the water flowed down the mountain and back to the sea.

March 28, 2012:  Man trapped in mud survives. Web March 28, at  ws.com.aus, http://www.news.com/au/world/man-literally-studk-inthe--much/story 2012,

Today, one can call 911 and get professional emergency help. Centuries ago, there was only the acceptance that God had sent punishment to mankind because they were forgetting to honor Him.

We believe in our 911 numbers, just as the ancients believed in their God.

And if the Popol Vuh is a true story of astronomy, it is the only full history of the birth of a nova to its final destruction.  They had the time to search the skies for years, even centuries before their records were completed. However, to teach the general public what they knew so well, they had to create a story of truth and symbolic language components, just as they did with their hieroglyphics.

It is a wonderful story, an amazing story that is so accurate it has no comparison, except within the myths of the world, for the simple reason that many countries and many different cultures viewed the same awe-inspiring sights during those years ages ago.

One must remember that Astronomy is actually a world-wide system. The sky covers the whole world, not just one aspect of it.  Each story may be different, but it is what happened during the catastrophic event that changed the world from a 360 degree year to a 365 degree year.

So, Where Could the Maya have gone?

"…These are the words:                                    
                 If they are not understood by the  chiefs of the towns, ill-omened is the star adorning the night. Frightful is its house. Sad is the havoc in the courtyards of the nobles. Those who die are those who do not understand; those who live will understand it."
                                                       Roys, The Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel 

The ill-omened star in the sky is specifically mentioned as part of the disaster. Apparently, it has been in the sky for some time and as it changed its face, the astronomers began to worry. They finally sent out messages to all that the population should find a Maya "bomb shelter" [to use a modern concept] but since men had to work the fields and the women had to made sure the men were well-fed for their jobs, not many paid attention to the priests.

The chiefs of the town had already built strong buildings of stone, probably upon tall platforms, so they were not too concerned with the warnings of the astronomer/priests. Since hurricanes in the area sometimes flooded the land, they were safe in their stone houses high above the plains. There was plenty of room for refugees whose homes could not sustain the great winds. The people of the plains understood that their daub and wattle homes would melt with the torrential rains and flooding.  They appreciated the concern of their chieftains who created a high place for all to weather such hurricanes.

The chiefs knew that stone was much stronger than the lesser houses of the villages around them. Even their corn grinding metates were larger and more weighty.  A huge metate, that normally could never have been lifted by one person, was found on its side near those immense destroyed "safe"  platforms of stone work by the present day archaeologists in the Yucatan. These new investigators in the area also found plates and bowls smashed helter-skelter around areas that seemed to be kitchens. These shards are called sacrificial offerings to the gods when a new structure was to be built over the older one. When, in fact, if an  earthquake occurs, walls tremble and shelves do not keep their contents.  Plates, bowls, and pitchers, all made of baked clay, fall to the ground and break.

Regardless of circumstances, new buildings had to be constructed; bigger, stronger, taller. Men were constantly attempting to make their lives conform to the land. Yes, there had to be an offering to God, but only to insure major buildings would be strong and safe, but not  plates which, when broken, normally would be used as land fill since they cannot be re-used for anything else.

So what could have destroyed such buildings? For the answer one must again leave the Popol Vuh, even though they did give the reason that most houses were destroyed, they did not impress upon future readers, the enormity of the event. (To Be Continued.)

The Lost Maya: Where were they then?

Recently PBS put on a program titled Quest for the Lost Maya.  It was an interesting discussion about cities buried under cities and caves, well known to the surrounding countryside, that contained evidence of many fire torches "for their sacred ceremonies." That would make perfect sense, except that the whole gist of the program was "Where did the Maya go; How could so many people just disappear in such a short time?" The date given was the years in the VIII century AD, i.e.700-799 AD.  Whole towns are now in the process of being uncovered, many of the lower levels are dated as far back as 500 BC; it has become a real mystery.

It would make more sense, if the history, of not only the Maya but all of Mesoamerica, were read more often. True, many events on the monuments are still not translated, even though ruler after ruler and their reigns have been, for years, well researched and confirmed. Archaeologists and anthropologist who are digging on amazing new sites in the Yucatan, scratch their heads and tell about sacrificial offerings, public displays of savage ceremonies, but, in the same breath, tell us that the astronomy of that era was well-documented.  (Savage ceremonies, but extensive and well-defined astronomy records? How strange.) They have also proposed that the Yucatan may have been the actual birthplace of the Maya; not Guatemala nor Honduras as originally believed.  Where could these people have gone?

Linda Schele was one of the first to publicize the decipherment of the glyphs on the Maya monuments and temple walls. She found both a star-war and a flood on one single glyph, dated it about 631 AD, the VII century, NOT the years between 700 ad 799 AD. On the other hand, Eric Wolf, on page 100 of his book, the Sons of the Shaking Earth, written before Linda's great work on the glyphs, informed even new students that it was in the VII century AD when the Copan Academy of Science, called a meeting to reform the calendar. In other words, there must have been a major event in that area, but not too far back in time. 

It  was one of the first books I read about Mesoamerica. In the meantime, I also dipped into ancient astronomy in different countries and discovered that both India and Babylon also thought it necessary to delve into calendar changes during the same period. There was nothing in the official histories that gave any good reason, but there were more than enough myths world-wide that indicated an extra five days had been added to each year.

 It is a bit silly to ask the same question as above at this point in time. Mostly because Astronomy has finally been decided that comets, not asteroids helped to create "life" on earth. Well, this is a true statement, but not for the reason given. It seems that the double comet that flew overhead, flew by not one time, but three times.

The first time it happened, the "ball" of the ball game in the sky ball court, spit out a knife to kill one of the "ball-player" Twins (one of the two of the double comet). It failed to do any damage at all.

The second time, the comet passed overhead in the sky along the same route, the disintegrating star was losing its gravity pull. So the double comet was pulled into its gravitational field, and released several times, making the "ball=game" an interesting sky spectacle as it appeared to imitate the ball-games on earth with the same sense of "conquer or die."  In the Maya ball-game, the head of Hunahpu, the Twin was severed in the Bat House.. The Aztec version said that the twin of Quetzalcoatl, Xolotl, fell into Xibalba in order to save the "Sun."  Later, an author who wrote about the Maya gods, wrote a completely different story about a sky entity, and called  the star: Tlaltecuhtli, who was torn apart in the sky; the severed parts of her body were then taken to earth.

The third orbit of the same double comet was the bringer of "life" and its deed was attributed to the re-birth of the Maize God. The Popol Vuh does not mention the Maize God at all, but it does make a strange reference to the position of a Sun that rose in the west, (yes, it did rise in the west) which took on "the appearance of a person" and "was so bright, one could not see." Even knowing very little about orbits and trajectories, it was not difficult to make the assumption that the "Sun" [comet] was much closer to earth than the first two times that the double comet circled the earth;  extremely close to the horizon.  So what happened to the comet [or to the earth] to create such a monster "sun"? (To be Continued)

---

[i] Wolf, (1959, 100).

Comets that Produced Life

The Popol Vuh is very explicit. Although it brushed upon details of the beginnings of life, the whole gist of the manuscripts tell that life was already created and living in houses [even in palaces], it people were working the milpas in an orderly manner, according to the rising and settings of the Sun and the night sky. It told in great detail what occurred to that life that was already at a sedentary agricultural "sustenance" stage.An ordered society with rules and laws of religious observance [that had been ignored by many] was already based upon extensive star observations and calendar calculations.

Recently there was an article that came to the conclusion that comets that fell to earth, brought the origins of life about "how life appeared so quickly at the end of a period 3.8 billion years ago called the 'late heavy bombardment.'" [Found on http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/comets-linked-to-beginnings of life explained by John von Radowitz in the e-zine The Independent.]

At first the astro-field said that the long ago disaster of 65 mya was caused by an asteroid. Now, it is caused by comets that fell to earth or at least when their debris did. The problem with either conclusion is that there has never been another disaster as the one described in the Popol Vuh; the narrators of the PV existed both before and after the event so they were able to tell the world exactly what had occurred from the time the nova first appeared to expand in the sky until its final explosive destruction that ended with the BIRTH of the Fifth Sun. 

No one knows for sure the length of time that was necessary, since the calendars of Mesoamerica have been recalculated by many scholars who are attempting to fit that ancient timeline into our modern sky events. They have added the more complex math of Modern Calculus aided by computerize backtracking over the eons. The backtracking has been called "precession" that  is supposed to be an approximate .05 per year change in the zodiac, as it is known today. The few accepted ancient calculations which have been identified, are not yet understood as idiomatic phrases nor is it understood why that aspect is even important.  

The Popol Vuh has been ignored also, as only a myth. Yet it contains the whole story, one that has yet to be SEEN in its entirety by our astronomers who have not yet acquired the depth of information about the stars that the Maya, Aztecs and Inca had before the Conquest.

As it is, we seem to be having another precession in progress. . . since Daylight Savings has been moved by at least two weeks earlier (one each year) if not more.  The climate is also changing, 

What will happen this year is yet to be seen.

The Birth of the Twin Comets

The more one knows about the twin comets of the Popol Vuh, the more magical they become. And the less realistic. They became the TWINS who went to Xibalba to play ball with the gods of the underworld. Was it the Underworld, or was it the world UNDER the Equator,  where, in Mesoamerica, it was known as the place where the stars are viewed in an upside-down position (As in the Bodley Codex, p. 26, r1 where Three Dog began his journey away from home. [Illustrated by the upside down star-viewing cross=sticks under his path.]

Was Three Dog a person learning triangulation of stars at "Observation Hill on the Sandy River," or was he a comet [illustrated by the half sun on his back just below [in R-2] called the venus glyph.] What we really want to know is where did the Twin comets come from.  The Popol Vuh is very explicit. The father played the game first in Xibalba and died. However, instead of disappearing as as dead entities usually do, his "head" was removed and it was hung in a tree in the sky.

NASA identified NGC7000 as another nebula. This nebula has the appearance of a head covered in cinnabar (thanks to the spectroscopic evaluation of NASA) and it has an "open" mouth. The Twins of the PV are said to have been spat out of the mouth of the father's skull into the hand of Blood Moon.

What better illusion for such an event than a nebula that was seen in the sky near Deneb of the Summer Triangle when the twin comets from the "Hand of God" nebula sped through the mouth of NGC7000 and whizzed past the nova that was as red and as large as the shining moon-like star next to Vega, "the Old Fire God," in the constellation Lyra.

Are we off-track? I don't think so. Just as "all roads lead to Rome," so too do all ancient astronomy events lead to a double comet, one, soaring over the earth, with a tail full of debris from the disintegrating nova, until it finally fell to into the ocean/sea/well/river or on top of homes and forests.
Just as it was in the earlier post:

The fourth and last: Flood:  A water-filled gourd broke on the top of a mountain.  Its 

                                        contents "rushed down from the hill-top over  the valleys 

                                        fields At first, it was like a little lake, then like a river, 

                                        then it became a great sea that engulfed the land ;I the red 

                                        man with all its cities and all its marvels." It was here that 

                                        a man of clay "that the water could dissolve" died.

All disciplines were involved, geography, cartography with its upside-down maps and crude symbolic descriptions, mathematics, calendars of various ancient cultures, architectural orientations, monuments with inscriptions, ancient archaeology and manuscriptsgeology, oceanography, seismology, ancient astronomy records and their strange conflicting descriptions, but more importantly all myths found in religious texts that include a sudden surge of water and/or the dropping of great stones into water together, with the addition of five extra day to the year. Some disciplines have all the components, but usually most only contain a few of the elements necessary to complete the story of the greatest catastrophic event in the world

Orion's Belt or the Summer Triangle (Continued)

From NASA's Chandra Observatory: "The Hand of God”
In the constellation "The Compass” as  PSR B 1509-58

The difference between the two legs of the Milky Way (which may be only one leg turned upside-down) has been a thorn in the side of the church for a long time.  The problem is and always has been: Where did these acts of the Creator come from: Orion and his belt of three stars or from the Beautiful Rose Tree as the Summer Triangle, another set of three hearthstone stars that suddenly rose into the sky when the burning rains destroyed the homes of the Maya? How can so many stars as those in the Milky Way rise so quickly?

We do know where  Hubble found the "Hand of God." This recent nebula find has been so-named by NASA since it does look like a hand.   It is the nebula called PSR B 1509-58 in the constellation near the South Pole called “The Compass." However, a "hand" in the Middle East can mean a "phallus" creator, once named Kronos of Greek Lore.

What… not the Middle East?  In a very round-about way, Yes, it is from the Middle East, or more accurately, from Egyptian god forms as they crossed the Mediterranean Sea to Greece, as Osiris whose main symbol is a phallic "bone." an idiom of strength [a bone, or god elememt, that never existed].

So, did the "Hand of God" have anything to do with the re-creation of the earth?

A Persian monument [found in Rome possibly], that of Mithras killing the bull, one of three versions illustrated in the book of G. Sesti, (1991) called The Glorious Constellations, History and Mythology.  One panel contains the image of that nebula that NASA called the "Hand of God," as meteorites sped away from it. The correct panel of the three illustrated by G. Sesti is shown by the position of the "Twins" on the left side. They are holding their torches correctly, one is held up and the other is facing downwards. The animal with the “ear” is not a Bull nor is it Taurus. It is only an imaginary animal with a “forked tail."

Behind the nose of that bull being "sacrificed" by Mithras, under a tree, leans a telescope of the ancient variety, a thin shaft of metal with two or more lens inside of it. It looks more like the first known gun, illustrated in  L. Spague de Camp's book, Ancient Engineers.  A gun that had to be jammed into the earth and leaned on a "Y" stick. It was only effective as a sudden blast of fire to frighten horses and extremely dangerous for the "gunner" himself. 

The telescope in the Mithras panel leans on the same type of "Y" stick, but it is not a primitive gun, it is a telescope, before Europeans learned how to make their own. Was the “Y” tail of the animal indicating that it too was mythological, but not Taurus. Was the panel created during the emergence of spear-like guns?

So there is the tale that Mithras, born of a stone egg, as were many main gods of the Americas, came from the sky as a flaming meteorite, [the "torch" held upside-down,] just as the Aztec, Huitzilopochtli, the Hummingbird of the South and  Psammitichus as the Peruvian Great Creator, Viracocha, This title,  vira cocha which means "have given you a soul"  [de la Vega, Gracilasco. (1961)  The Incas:  The Royal Commentaries of the Inca] is very similar to a Hawaiian concept found in  Chant Eight: line 595-96  "The spirit of the child was created by URI, the Holy Mother;" its soul was created" in the Spiritual Country of God [T[K]ane]." [Melville, Leinani (1969) Children of the Rainbow. 

A Hawaiian word pili-lua happens to be the name of a pair of stars said to bring "opelu.'  [o.pe meaning 'a spade or digging implement';  lu meaning 'to scatter or to throw ashes.'  [Hawaiian Dicitonary (1986)] It appears to refer to "the star of the Old Fire God" [He who has a triangle for his gut] and "the blazng star of fire" in the bowl tied to his forehead.] Meteorites tend to "dig" great holes in the earth with ease, and "fire" creates "burning ashes" that sting just as hornets, wasps or bees do. 

So between several cultures along the path of the Great Migration, there is a series of idioms that apply to the stars indirectly, yet, all seems to infer the same elements from the sky above.  None refer to the mythic Elliptic or Galactic "crossroads of the sky," but to a very visible  star, as it was disintegrating, \ within the path or trajectory of  twin comets. (To Be Continued)

Three Days, Three Stars: Orion's Belt or the Summer Triangle

  

    
         In all books mentioned, there were four disasters [p. 32]   that "punished the Mayab."

The first was by Air:           Hurricanes that swept across the land, since hurricanes
                                         are now a major part of the Mesoamerican world, one
                                         could also say Tornadoes in other parts of the lands involved.

The second was by Fire:     The Popol Vuh tell that there was a burning rain, one said it
                                         it was a resin from the sky, another said it was burning
                                         turpentine.  There was also a third version: that of the stinging
                                         of wasps, hornets, and bees that destroyed the tribes of the
                                         wooden manikins, mentioned as much later out of context.

The third was by Quakes:   Earthquakes  raised the mountains from the flat plains and split them

                                        apart. Huemac of the Strong Hands was called in to do this job in 

                                        Codices, but the Popol Vuh claimed only a strong entity named,

                                        Earthquake with no adventure to describe his job, only his death. 

The fourth and last: Flood:  A water-filled gourd broke on the top of a mountain.  Its 

                                        contents "rushed down from the hill-top over  the valleys 

                                        and the fields At first, it was like a little lake, then like a river, 

                                        then it became a great sea that engulfed the land of the red 

                                        man with all its cities and all its marvels." It was here that 

                                        a man of clay "that the water could dissolve" died.

The Maya left out an event or two under the assumption that it would be perfectly obvious what would have occurred between two events. And what the Maya assumed was perfectly obvious was described backwards since water only runs down the mountains, never above or over them. (To be continued)

Wednesday: Confirmation of a migration.

Was there ever a confirmation of a migration from American shores, either from North or South America? Or is such evidence, just a curious similarity among various locations that have been vacated suddenly for some unknown and inexplicable reason?  Were those locations begun in ancient times, or were they fairly new before the populations disappeared?

The sudden XII century migrations away from thriving communities was not the Great Migration. However, it is based upon a rule of the Turks, Muslims and Arab communities who were being attacked in their own countries. For a specific sum of income created in the foreign communities, one man had to be sent to war on the continent. So much money was being made in the Americas that it became obvious there were not enough men to send. Whole communities in many parts of the Americas had to be closed down so that men could comply with the conscription rules of their besieged governments.

Yet the original concept of the Great Migration out of the Maya area is not only found in a small book written by the man who translated "The Book of the Chilan Balan [sic] of Chumayel," but it is also found in the "Popol Vuh."  Antonio Mediz Bolio's translation of the Chilan Balan proved him to be one of the greatest Maya scholars of today.  His subsequent book "The Land of the  Pheasant and the Deer" written in 1983 "in Spanish, was acclaimed by many, as his greatest work." Neither book was done in the normal scholarly fashion, instead, he ignored poetic license and the duplication of phrases, normally displayed by other scholars.

His books were written as common tales, just as a Maya would tell the story. On page 34, "the Maya world was chastised by God who sent a great flood across the land." Page 35 tells that the survivors "fled to new lands or to other worlds." To say "other worlds" did not mean leaving the Earth for Outer Space. They took ordinary ships to the far reaches of the civilized world, distant from their homes, "Up and down the earth, they wandered," only to return to the Mayeb lands again where they "found there, their brothers."

This, is just another way of saying they crossed the Eurasian continent only to find the Atlantic was barring their way. And when they decided they could cross that ocean that barred their way, they "found…their bothers." The banner for such a discovery was a double-headed eagle. Such migratory kingdoms adopted that banner. All knew that it came from the double comet that caused the migration in the beginning.  There are many other myths and artifacts that confirm the passage of humans across the oceans. They are not exact replicas of their origin. The artifacts and idiomatic phrases found in manuscripts were re-designed to fit the idioms of the lands through which the Great Migration traveled.  If this had not been done, no one would have understood the stories the travelers told during the evenings. (To be Continued)

Tuesday: The Track gets more complex.

From: Nicholson, I. (None). Mexican and Central American Mythology. 

New York: Paul Hamlyn. p. 30.

The Great Migration westward disappeared in history because "there was no knowledge of the New World before Columbus discovered it." The interesting thing about it all is that there are multiple records about this migration westward, some in Traditional Lore, some in Mythic Tales of impossible feats of heroes in different lands, and a very similar appearances of "Granddaughters of the Sun" in various government takeovers on the Eurasian and African continents.

Recently, there has been a renewal of comparisons between pyramids in the New World and those in the "Old." But that is getting ahead of the process of tracking this research project.
Dropping out of the Aztec/Maya world (I thought) for almost twenty years, I explored Latin and Greeks texts. I took a seminar course with one Greek professor, who seemed to understand my research style, and he insisted that I take Arabic Philosophy as a companion course to what he offered and he would grade me, based on the Philosophy course. I insisted on doing small research projects through his course also.

What happened, was I received two grades for the two classes and was pleased about that. The Philosophy course led me to investigate other languages, one of which consisted of ancient Chinese characters. The more important aspect of Philosophy led to the stars which actually referred to one or more Chinese characters, thus not very important in the main research project. However, the Chinese investigation did turn up information about the Muslims in China during the VIII century AD and produced two monuments of Xian that contained an apology on the back of each that referred to a star disaster that necessitated living in caves. This also, was filed away in my notes with no apparent connection to anywhere except the stars from an unknown time and an unknown event.

(To be Continued)