The Cosmic Tree

The Cosmic Tree, the Miracle of the Sky
[See March 27, 2014 Also for this.]

      The flowers above, are similar to Those on the face of a sky god, thoght to be the Planet Venus in the  Dresden, on page 37 This sky god has one foot on the moon eclipse and the other on the sun eclipse. There can be no sky eclipse for either since the planet hides behind the sun for eight [8] days every rotation. On the other hand, in order that produce an eclipse of the moon, the planet must come between the moon and our earth. Since Venus is larger than Earth, it would probably completely destroy the earth.

      On February 26, 2014,  William T. Gassaway, in the Dept. of Art History & Archaeology at Columbia University!  wrote the Aztlan listserv through the Help Us paraphrased comments.

    The "panel" above is part of an Aztec altar, Of ​​which all four lateral sides are carved. It is Identified in the Aztec Empire catalog (Guggenheim, 2004: Plate 79) as "Altar of the Sacred Tree" (Aztec,! Approx. 1,300 stone, 58 x 72 x 67cm, Imnaha 10-81641). Esther Pasztory labeled it "Box with Ornate Tree and Bird, and Other Emblems" (Chalco! Morelos, 1200-1521; see Aztec Art, 1983: Plate 163).

      Along with the image of this bird in a "sacred" or "ornate tree" (aka! "world tree" or axis mundi), the altar features a "flower-and-shells emblem" with tendril-like stamen, and an abstract "trapeze-and-ray emblem" resembling (William Gassaway) either a stylized butterfly or a conch shell / Venus pectoral with possible date glyph (or bar numeral ').

      William has personal  Pasztory notes (1983: 212) Which read:

    "The ornamental quality of Chalco style is well  shown by the base on Which this statue [of Xochipilli, the "Flower Prince"]  sits (not found with the statue) to a stone replica of a wooden drum (see  Plate 256) a nd to a stone box (Plates 163-65).

    The double outline  surrounding all the forms, the rich floral ornament, and the Curvilinear  shapes differentiate Chalco styles from That of the Mexica. Chalco style is  direct continuation of the style of Classic Veracruz. Double outlines as well as design elements as dry shells recall the styles of Xochicalco and beautifully carved ball-game objects (see Plates 14, 15) ... 

   Motifs of Chalco art are flowers, shells, and butterflies rather than symbols of blood sacrifice. The practice of copying wood or clay objects in carved stone april have begun at Chalco with its tradition of fine stone-carving, which was probably influential on the nascent art of Tenochtitlán. Chalco, a traditional enemy of the Mexica, was finally conquered by Motecuhzoma I. "

     Except for the terminology found in the sentence:  either a stylized butterfly or a conch shell / Venus pectoral all the infomation is accurate, even the name 'Venus' but without the capiitalized letter. 'V'. 

      

      The 'butterfly' image brings to mind two different cultural references: that of the Mixtec And that of the Aztecs. In the  Codex Magliabechiano, he Lamina 18, the 'mari posa' [sic] is Identified as a "mariposa" a butterfly. 

Lamina 18, and 'mari posa' or Mariposa: A Butterfly

     Lamina 18 shows the center of this simplified butterfly, as the eye in the sky, or as a star, as found in Aztec, Maya, Mixtec and other Codices, murals, etc.. 

Lamina 07 A similar expanded many-legged blue butterfly
with a more formal rversion on the left

     While Lamina 17 shows an expanded version of a stellar bi-polar jet is basically a star tht is in the process of exploding. The bi-polar aspect is the central core of the blue version on the right with its center no longer the Mesoamerican star forms, but instead, it indicates either of the poles [north of south] where the gasses Began to expand outward, before this star disintegrated and left a huge nebula called the Ring Nebula it its place. 

Astro-artist's version of a Bi-Polar Jet.

     An excellent version of a bi-polar jet can be found at www.nasa.goddardspace.gov as Orionis V-1647 in the McNeil Nebula 100_0567 10-1.mov at http://www.nasa.goddardspace.gov   

     As the star Became a fireball inthe sky, the process was explained as a stellar "ball-game" in Mesoamerica or as a "battle" for a fire-ball between two sky dragons [comets] as found on the blue-tiled mural on a mini-wall in a Beijing park in China. 

At a Beijing Park in Chaina

     The "butterfly" aspect can also be related to fallen women as warriors who fell in the battle. This battle of the game-like fluctuating gravity of the bursting star was described by Mary Miller and Karl Taube In Their 1993 book published by Thames and Hudson, Inc.in New York and found on page 167 long before I discovered it in the ball games Popol Vuh of the.

  Tlaltecuhtli and blue goddess who arms and legs were torn apart and dropped on earth [comet debris] is described even better than I did in my book as I described the second ball-game of the twins Hunahpu and Xibalenque in A Ten-Sun Day , published under the auspices of www.lulu.com. and available on Amazon.

     The Aztecs took Tlaltecuhtli's story to heart and created what is now called the Moon Disk to A. Beam, and M. Simons in 1978 under an article titled "Digging up a Goddess" found in Newsweek, on page 96.

      Putting together all these pieces of information is a daunting task That took me over 35 years and i have posted dry information as early as March 27, 2012 here on my Google Blog. If there are any corrections, please let me know at Comments found below. Thank you.    

Oh My, The Sky Will Fall In!

          We are told now, that The Sky will fall In on us in a little while. An asteroid is on its way already. 

So keep your telescopes on the sky, but don't look down. If you look down at your feet, you will see that the land is dying, an acre at a time. The Oceans are not doing much better. 

           Coral Reefs have died sixty or more acres at a time. Of course, the big fish are still swimming strong. We can replace reefs with old cars and other metallic items that have cubby holes. The small fish can hide there from the big ones.  But can they eat the metal autos?

          Look to the Skies, the meteorite (or asteroid) is going to hit us soon enough.

But have no concern for the land under your feet. The acres that can no longer be planted with food.  What will you do when there is no food or even water to drink? What then?

          Look to the Skies, the meteorite (or asteroid) is going to hit us soon enough.

 No one should care about what is happening to the lands we live on. The fish are happy in tainted water and they can live for a while longer. But will we be able to eat the tained fish? Or any tainted food that comes from altered seeds?  Will not the food from bad seed hurt us?  Oh, no.

the food is great.  But how many people are already dying.  From what?  Altered medicines that have so many caveats that one will acquire a different disease to cure the one? Oh, but we will not worry about that. we don't have to.

          Look to the Skies, the meteorite (or asteroid) is going to hit us soon enough.

People were told that a long time ago. The Chicken Little going around telling her animal friends that the sky wall falling in.  She did not worry about the food supply. Until she turned into the Little Red Hen and found no one would help her to grow the wheat, not harvest it, nor grind it; not even to help her bake it.  And would not share with the lazy animals, because they did not help her. She ate the bread she made and her children ate that bread also.

          Look to the Skies, the meteorite (or asteroid) is going to hit us soon enough.

We have atomic power to help us with electricity, but the snow storms have taken the electricity and many people have had to be without. There nice clean fuel will not fire up without the electric starters. But no one should care. 

          Look to the Skies, the meteorite (or asteroid) is going to hit us soon enough.

What else is new?  Not very much as long as you look to the skies for your demise. Those tall building you all live in, with nice, neat elevators that will not work without electricity. No one needs them now. But who cares? People need the exercise. Climbing stairs is fun. But what if the food cannot be bought?  The prices are too high, as high as those stairs?

         Look to the Skies, the meteorite (or asteroid) is going to hit us soon enough.  

There is a tale from long ago. that the people knew when they were going to die, and no one wanted to do anything because, there would be no use to make furniture or grow food, or milk a cow, or a goat. What for? So God decided to take that knowledge away from the people. If they wanted to suffer by not planting food, or making themselves comfortable, that was fine with Him. They get ill and are no longer happy about how God is helping them?  As they watch the fertile lands disappear and the farm yards rot. "God is not helping us anymore," they say!

         Look to the Skies, the meteorite (or asteroid) is going to hit us soon enough.

The rule that we were given is Pray all you need to, but get up off your knees and do something about your problems, if you can. The hardest will be to ignore your problems, but the reality is that is the easy way out. It is expected that you will take hold of your life and your food and water supplies and make sure they are not tampered with. But who cares?

          Look to the Skies, the meteorite (or asteroid) is going to hit us soon enough.

   

The Turtle with Lamat Glyph as the Great Star [Venus?]

A Turtle and  Lamat Inflated

        After searching for the Turtle constellation in Richard Allen's 1963 book called Star Lore and Their Names, I turned up practically nothing. I knew that the Ring Nebula, next to Vega in the Lyra constellation, had been a nova, hence the Great Star, but could find little to substantiate it as "turtle."

         I had continued to read through the Lyra pages and discovered what I had missed. The languages older than Medieval Latin, had a great variety of names that actually led back to the Latin terms, but never the English. It was as if the Hermes myth of the music of the stars that was invented from a turtle carapace only existed in Middle eastern sky charts of long ago—and in Maya codex and ceramic art  Many times, the power of the Turtle and the Lamat glyph was used for a certain group of warriors.

         Aratos the ancient Greek astronomer who named many constellations, called Lyra: Chelos Alige, Little Tortoise. Other words in Latin, are Lutaria = Mud-inhabiting; Marina  and Testudo; Galapago, Mus and Musculus; Testa referred to the Upper Shell but Pupilla was strangely switched over ot Aquila. In fact, more than one reference claimed to be from other distant constellations even though they were originally the Testa, or Testudo variety.[Allen, 1963, 287]

Twins with a Turtle and an emerging God
NOT the Corn God.

      Nevertheless, the Eagle and jaguar soon overrode the power-image of the Turtle with the Lamat on its back. But not before some ceramic images were introduced to show that the turtle was indeed a very powerful figure when it was associated with the Twins, Hunahpú and Xbalenqué in their role as the “double sun” [as a double comet].

      Two Great fiery eyes on the Turtle carapace indicate that this emerging god may be or may not be the Corn God. while  the spots on both Hunahpú and Xbalenqué show that they were the double comet of the Aztecs, Quetzalcoatl and Xolotl. The fact that the Twins are holding the hands of the "god" may infer their sky birth as a double comet that passed through the mouth of a nebula called NCG 7000 which has the semblance of a cinnabar covered skull. Again, this nebula infers by its shape that it is the skull of their father. The hand-holding of the god emerging from the carapace of a turtle, could well be the father of the [comet] twins, since they reached their mother-to-be through the mouth of that skull.

     Yet, the “holding of the hands’ of the central figure, who is supposed to be the corn god could also be correct because the “corn god” produced food when the land was destroyed by the waters that carried fish and other marine elements to the mountain tops, an item mentioned in INAH’s explanations about the Aztec Sun Disk, noted below:

Atonatuih (Sun of Water) (676 years) (Translation) A = No entiendo, or “I do not understand.”  At = aço = In the future, or above, high up  Tonatuih = Sun “This means the fourth epoch, represented by the head of Chalchiuhtlicue, goddess of water, feminine aspect of Tlaloc, at the end of which everything perished in the terrific storms and torrential rains that covered the earth. Reaching the peaks of the highest mountains the gods changed men into fishes to save them from this universal deluge…” “The discovery of different fossilized species of marine fauna on the top of the mountains, created the basis for this belief. ” 

   Since no one actually knows the age of the “corn god” or when he first appeared in the pantheon of the Maya gods, "fossilized species of marine fauna on the top of the mountains” should not be a surprise to anyone. The Popol Vuh does tell us that the flood came after the “caves slammed shut in the faces of the second creation of humans [and animals probably] who ran to the mountains for the safety of such caves.

       This was a time when Seven Macaw identified himself. He described himself when:

“This was when there was just a trace of early dawn on the face of the earth there was no sun. . .The sky-earth was already there, but the face of the sun-moon was clouded over. (Tedlock, 1996, 73)

     In Tedlock’s Note  regarding Seven Macaw, he does not comment on the lack of sunshine, only on the fact that Seven Macaw was named k’inich k’ak mo or the “Sun-eyed Fire-macaw.” by the Yucatec Maya mostly for its coloring. (Ibid, 237) When this author did not understand the context as related to reality, he wisely did not comment on it, since it was all part of what he considered to be a fanciful myth.

       Earlier, I inserted the information about Sahagun’s identification of the Great Star, which was not Venus Planet, but a nova that appeared in Lyra, next to the brightest star, Vega. This nova exploded, as all novas do, and became the branch of the Milky Way, called the Quetzalveixochitl, the beatutiful rose tree and the other branch was rightfully called the Tree of the Warrior, implying Orion. [Christensen, Alec,  (1883, p.35, note 21)]

The “rose tree” nova actually became a flower in the sky as a nebula called the Ring Nebula.

Quetzalveixochitl, the beatutiful rose tree

 Greenwich Royal Observatory, The Night Sky for November ,

http://www.nmm.ac.uk/rog/2007/11/the_night_sky_for_november.html, 2007.

                  Eric Thompson stated:

There was also a Maya constellation called the Turtle. which according to an informant,is the suare of Orion.  Even though the Motul dictionary has "ak ek" 'the stars that are in the sign of Gemini. which with others form a turtle.'

              Richard Allen gives us the information that the Ring Nebula IS VISIBLE [as a flower form] only with the largest telescopes. (Allen, 1963, 287.) This is true today but with the Hubble and those large telescopes it has been seen and recorded.  as is another Southern constellation the Compass that contains a nebula called the “Hand of God.”

                 To ignore such information that the Old Fire God gave us, and that which Sahagún had set out in Book Seven, Chapters III and IV of his translation of the Florentine Codex translation is ignoring the fact that the Maya, Aztecs and all of Meso-America may only be describing a “myth,” and that Eric Thompson, Dennis Tedlock, Alec Christensen, Allen Christenson, Recinos and Goetz and Morley, and those who attempted to translate the Popol Vuh made it all up in their collective imaginations.

I doubt very much if the informants gave out only fairy tales to each and every translator of the Popol Vuh. It would seem unlikely that they all (over many years of research) said the same thing, with only one change by Tedlock with grave reservations about replacing the Turtle with the Squash for Hunahpú’s head and repeated by Allen Christenson in his version.

____________

Chandra Observatory, Harvard University.for the “Hand of God” designation  through the NASA web pictures of Nebulae. This nebula is located in a southern constellation near the south pole, called the Compass.

Christensen, Alec,  [excerpts from Phillips, Jr, Henry, (1883, p.35, note 21) [The Codex Ramirez] The History of the Mexicans as told by Their Paintings. 

Christenson, Allen J.  (2007) Popol Vuh: Sacred Book of the Quiché Maya People. Electronic version of original 2003 publication. Mesoweb: www.mesoweb.com/publications/Christenson/PopolVuh.pdf.

INAH [Spanish-English].  Cuauhxicalli (Eagles Bowl)  The Aztec Calendar Stone. 

Goetz, D. & Morley, 'S. (1957)  Popol Vuh:  The Sacred Book of the Ancient Quiché Maya, Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press  

(1954) Popul Vuh “The Book of the People” Translated into English by Delia Goetz and Sylvanus Griswold Morley, from Adrián Recino's translation from Quiché into Spanish  Plantin Press, Los Angeles [1954, copyright not registered or renewed] .

Sahagún, Bernardo de (1956). Historia General de Las Cosas de Nueva España. México, DF, México: Editorial Porrua, SA.       

Tedlock, Dennis (1996) Popol Vuh: The Definitive Edition of the Mayan Book of the Dawn of Life and the Glories of Gods and Kings. New York: Simon and Schuster.

Thompson, Eric (1971,116,) Maya Hieroglyphic Writing, [Fifth Edition] Norman, Oklahoma.

         

Zemis of the Taino

        In February, 2014 of the Institute of Maya Studies [or IMS], Peter Barrat submitted an interesting article about the Taino and their relationship to the Maya. He also, inadvertently included their relationship to their view of astronomy.

         He included some of their ancient history which told of their stay in the caves, just as the Maya did in the Popol Vuh prior to the flood. Dennis Tedlock translated the Popol Vuh and included the story of how the Maya ran from the rains of ¨burning resin¨ or ¨burning turpentine¨ and headed through the forest for the caves. They arrived at the cave entrances, but discovered to their dismay that the ¨caves had shut in their faces¨ and there was no longer any way to get inside. (Tedlock, 1996, 73)

          The Taino did survive the flood by being in the caves of Hispaniola and they later explored the new islas throughout the Westward Islands.  One can assume that many of these smaller islands were a result of the meteorite fallout into the Gulf of Mexico, that followed the ¨burning¨ rains.

* * * * * * * *

            In memory of the great disaster, the the natives created a Zemis, which was a triangular image with an eye incised on one side. The triangular shape was created as a sacred stone that could bless and honor the stars. It also was a great talisman for religion and for healing. This. it was  an excellent reminder of the the location of the nova within the Triangle that caused all the trouble on earth. (See also Sahagún below.)

           The description that fits the event from the point of the nova itself was translated by Mary Miller and Karl Taube in their book in 1993: called  The Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya: An Illustrated Dictionary of Meosamerican Religion.

          Mary and Karl's book  has four paragraphs that not only described the goddess as the goddess, Tlatecuhtli, but also what happened to her as two comets passed by. The event was such that I had spent almost three years attempting to decipher the hidden narrators in the Popol Vuh. I had decided that the words themselves had to be the narrators and had discovered that the gravity forces from that nova fluctuated as it was dying. The book by Mary and Karl described that part of the event. as if  I had copied it straight from their four paragraphs. (p. 167)

         Their version was that Tlaltecuhtli had her right arm and left leg pulled off by one god and the left arm and righT leg torn off by the other. The debris then was carried to earth and dropped there. The other sky gods (meteorites) came down to commiserate with Tlaltecuhtli about her dismemberment and her eviction from her star position.

          Even earlier, A. Beam and M. Simons wrote an article for in 1978 after they had investigated the Moon Disk found when the engineers were digging a new route to the Metro Rail system in Mexico City.

          A sculpture of the Aztec Moon Goddess, Coyolxauhqui decapitated,  with arms and legs cut off. is the same story as that of the Maya Hunahpú, a male entity who was decapitated by the inhabitants of the Bat Cave in Xibalba. The role change came about because the Maya women never played the ball game on land and therefore could never have played it in the heavens The two Huitzilopochtl and Coyolxauhqui both fell from the same comet as debris from the exploding blue star called Tlaltecuhtli. It may well be that the star was as bright as the moon, and thus became our eternal image of an extra moon during a single month called the Blue Moon.

The Moon Disk from Metro Rain System
in Mexico City

             The Zemis was made of a tree called the lignum vitae, or guayacan, which is referred to as blue mahoe, the “holy wood” or “wood of life.” The interesting thing about this wood is it is a blue, color just as the latest statue of Tlaltecuhtli is painted blue.(See IMS, February 2014, p. 5)

             As a translator-prisoner in the monastery of Sahagún during the Conquest of Mexico, a scribe we now call Sahagún, added his own description of the star that burst asunder and he called it the Great Star. He gave the coordinates of the three stars that enclosed it as time on a clock. To make sure that everyone knew it was the one mentioned in the Popol Vuh, he also included the star locations in the next chapter of the Florentine Codex, i.e. Chapter IV, number IV,  That inferred that Seven Macaw was the bird in the burning Cosmic Tree instead of the Blue Lady who was born [and died] there as the Earth Lord, a male entity, in the first line of the first page of the Bodley Codex. (Alfonso Caso, 1960.page 1-III, 26)

             Sahagún also noted one very minor detail that has been overlooked.  He stated in Chapter III that  that star was in el signo de toro. One must read the star charts of the era to find out that Taurus was a well-known designation for that constellation. So Sahagún's phrase to inform us where the Great Star was located, was passed by the Inquisitors since everyone knew that toro meant Taurus.

          There are four idiomatic phrases associated with the signo de toro, but only one gave the information about Chapter IV, Number IV. The other phrases inferred the duties of the scribe himself. They indicated his compliance to his mentors in the monastery. A good scribe who was also a good translator was an important person there. He valued that position enough to keep it.

The Fifth Sun With its Last Trajectory Across the Mixtec Sky

         Another Mixtec manuscript named all of the rulers of Apuala and Tilantango known from the beginning of time. The list ended just after the Conquest of the area. The scribe, gave even more information about the Great Star and included enough details to what had occurred so that the event was traceable even to Lake Texcoco.
          The dynastic rulers are situated on the left side of a map thought to be a copy of the map-making techniques of the new regime. Each name is listed as glyphs. To the right of the ruling families, that round map was very ugly and difficult to read. However, at its top, was an arc with a blazing sun in the northwest. A small wooden cradle marks its birthplace.
        The arc contained the trajectory of the blazing comet (as the Sun, ''



')/  It also showed at the end of the trajectory, two mountains of the rim of Lake Texcoco that were split asunder with a sky axe.  Ignored as a decorative feature. it confirmed the existence, not of the Sun, but of the comet, and a new growth of the Milky Way behind Orion. (See the Blog here dated March 23, 2013)
              There is much more to astronomical connections between political areas of Mesoamerica but the one that was most surprising, was that of the Tainos, who were not supposed to know anything about astronomy or the stars above them. Badlerdash! The Americas had a better view of the skies and higher mountains to use for star watching plus a host of educators for mathematics and astronomy within their own tribes. They also knew their histories better than those who conquered them.
_________________________________
Barrat, Peter (2014, 5) Let´s Explore the Taino, Institute of Maya Studies [or IMS] Newsletter, February. 2 (43) 3-5.

Beam,. A &, Simons, M. (1978, 96) Digging up a Goddess, Newsweek

Caso,  Alfonso, (1960, 1-III, 2-28) The Interpretation of the Codex Bodley #2858, (Transl by Ruth Moraless,and revised by John Paddock) Ciudad de México: Sociedad Mexicana de Antropologia

Mary Miller and Karl Taube (1993, 167) The Gods and Symbols of Ancient Mexico and the Maya: An Illustrated Dictionary of  Meosamerican Religion.

 Sahagún, (1956) Bernardo de (1956). Historia General de Las Cosas de Nueva España. México, DF, México: Editorial Porrua, SA. The Florentine Codex Volumes I through IV.

 Tedlock, Dennis (1996, 73)   Popol Vuh: The Definitive Edition of the Mayan Book of the Dawn of Life and the Glories of Gods and Kings. New York: Simon and Schuster.

The God Who Traveled North

Fig. 01: Inca God from Chavin de Huantar [1] 
Today called Ophiuchus

THE GOD THAT TRAVELED NORTH TO OAXACA

          The golden god with the pointed hat and four serpents was the main god for many years. He holds a snake in each hand and there are two more attached to his belt. (Fig. 01) In another golden version, the same god has serpents around his head [but no body] that may indicate fire which agrees with the Aztec sun stone, where two flaming serpents surround the stone with fiery scales. 

Fig. 02. Sechin, Peru [3]

        The rainbow event is illustrated on a Sechin monolith with his three stars prominent in his now truncated trapezoid hat. His hair consists of feathers that are also a fire symbol in the north. (Fig. 02) The after-the-event rainbow element as an arc over the eye is a common glyph in the Dresden, Madrid and Paris, that are codices found in Meso-America. (Fig. 03)

Fig. 03:    Wm. Gates. #95.2 Rainbow-head Glyph
Left Bottom row

A STOPOVER AT KAMINAL JUYU

Fig. 04: Sky Storm-Rainbow Man

        Merchants passed through Ecuador and Colombia, buying and selling their ware. When they entered Meso-America, Guatemala did not seem to be part of the Inca polity, even though they probably traveled through the area easily. Even so it is in Kaminaljuyu that we find a twisted snake-like figure representing the turmoil in the sky held over a monkey-faced entity with rainbow glyphs on his arms and legs.(Fig. 04) . Stela 14  can be compared with both the stela 22 and stela 67 of Izapa. (Shown below in the Izapa section ) 

Fig. 05: Peru's version of the Turmoil in the Sky
as The Rebellion of the Artifacts

         However, the Inca version is a much simpler illustration found in 1910 by Eduard Seler in the Huaca de la Luna, of Moche and in K. Doig’s edition as Figure 459.  The caption described the fresco. It said ‘the objects are animated and [they] destroyed humanity.’ It also states that Sr. Imbelloni searched for comparable myths and discovered such myths of destruction have many variations in different regions of the Americas.  (Kauffmann Doig, 1971, 305).  (Fig. 05)

A  STOPOVER AT  EL  BAUL

Fig. 06: El Tigre del Baul
of Guatemala

Fig. 07: El  Tigre de Chavin
de Huantar, Peru

          El Baul is located in the lowlands of Guatemala and is close enough to the Mexican border that laborers cross to work in the most productive finca in in the country. It is but a short distance off the Pan American Highway, yet it is still too small to be put on a tour map.

   El Tigre del Baul of the Maya is in residence here in the local Museum. And as can be seen, he has his counterpart in Peru at Chavin de Huantar. They are similar even to the prominent male genitals. So why are they called felines? Male cats are much most discreet about their private parts. They are probably more protective of them since all cats have sharp claws that can damage another with a sudden swipe.

A  STOPOVER  AT  IZAPA

Fig:  08: Izapa Stela.22

Fig. 09: Izapa Stela 67

         The turmoil of stars in the sky when the sky was raised became a different style than the monkey-man's efforts to control the sky. Different artists produce different images of any and all events. Even with today's cameras, one photographer's work will stand out as the result of an incident, and yet have nothing to do with the actual damage the event created.
          Such was the problem with the turmoil in the Maya version. Stela 22 (Fig. 08) shows serpentine forms in the sky with square eyes. Square eyes is a modismo that indicates sheer amazement. After all the Sky itself was raised by the brilliant Sun, so it was believed.
         The two Stelae have the same entity (person) in each boat; one is when the turmoil in the sky came about; and the second: After everything seemed normal again and the rainbow foretold a promising future for the survivors.

        The final Rainbow of the Izapa Stela 67  [Garth Norman]  (Fig. 09) and  in the Inca Temple Room (de la Vega, p. 117) are found on Izapa, Stela 67. This rainbow image is located behind the original golden god of the Inca. turned upside-down.(Fig. 10)

Fig. 10: God in Boat
Upside-down from Peru Version

            The angles on the serpents that are holding up the "boat" when I first measured it, was the same angles as the Izapa boats. I felt that this was the Maya version of Ophiuchus. And he is now a "happy entity in the sky" because the rainbow said it was to be so.
            It seems that the Maya were of a logical frame of mind so when the belt of the golden god became the boat, his body is cut off and placed on top of it. The dugout estuary canoe of both Stelae were hung between two serpents in the sky. The first may have been a land view of the sky since there are no clouds under the water area as in Stela 67.
         On Stela Fig. 09, the boat is in front of the rainbow (or, as in Peru, the canoe is the belt, right side-up with a serpent hanging on each side.) (Fig. 01) in order that the Maya could understand the elements of that mode of transport in the Milky Way (as per the upside-down clouds under the water) affirmed by the Sky bands in headdresses of the two water gods. (Stela 67, Fig. 09)

AND THEN TO OAXACA

         An early text which names a noble woman in Mitla, near Oaxaca, was discovered by Joyce Marcus.  In it she found the name of a woman called: Xonaxi Quecuya [Princess?] of Tlaculula (Mitla? near Oaxaca). The name or title of this woman, Quecuya may be the short form of ‘Quiché Coya,’ Garcilaso de la  Vega identified ‘coya’ as a queen or ‘sister-bride’ of an Inca Emperor.
            Since all political records of the Inca were destroyed in the search for gold, one can only assume that many sister-brides of the Inca, who were not a wife or a concubine,  were groomed for [politics of] the day.
          Apparently one was sent to Mitla as a ‘silent’ ambassadress to one of their political allies. She was there in a position to inform the Inca of any back-sliding allies or of any treason intended.

AND BACK TO THE NASCA PLAINS IN PERU

           Another star form is here, probably carried to Nasca by a student of Oaxaca. I had seen a radish on page M-39c of the Madrid Codex but had ignored it completely. I was busy with the dotted star forms on either side of the Jaguar.

           This is a major problem encountered when students decide on their disciplines. Connections between Aztec, Mixtec, Maya or Inca, have little meaning even when such connections contain valid information.  

          After much searching, I found the same radish form, much to my surprise, in the Madrid Codex, the same page as noted above. It represented an earplug of a blind man whose head was in the mouth of a Jaguar. (Fig. 11) Who could have brought the radish to Peru?

Fig. 11: Madrid 39c. Blind god
in mouth of Jaguar of
the Night Sky

       The student of Oaxaca, is mentioned in the Bodley Codex. on Lam, 26 I and 25 II. (See Below) Three Dog began his journey by leaving his parents and traveling under their path to where the stars were see upside-down (south of the Equator where every star event is different from the northern climes.)
      He is accompanied by a servant called Six Tiger

.

Fig. 10: The Nasca Radish

Fig. 12: The Nasca journey

who carried the goddess She of the Intertwined Serpents" to whom Six Tiger offered incense constantly praying for a good journey. The two of them arrive at Sandy River on Observation Hill that might be on the Nasca Plains.

Fig. 11: The Journey
Begins

  The proof of Three Dog's origen is to be found in a modern festival, that of El Noche de los Rabanos  Several years ago (after 2003) a display at that festival showed several items done as radishes. The triangular hat of the Sechin monolith; the image of a male dog; and two interwined radishes with a text carved on them that read "The Goddess of the Intertwined Serpents."

Conclusions

          In conclusion, the items above are multiple, and add to the concept of inter-american transmission of not only, goldwork and women, but also of god images along the way. As for the Nasca plains, it appears that they were the training ground for measuring and triangulating the stars to earth for other unknown purposes.

   

         It appears that Three Dog, the student, went to learn astronomy in Nasca, Peru. The figures on the ground indicate triangulation of the stars to the ground measures. Such measurements are dedicated to the gods above and their temples are based on star positions. The stars have been changing over the centuries, so it may be that the constellations for the temples have moved. One does not know anything for sure.
          Besides the above there are also many word variations in Peru, such as Lake Poopo (de la Vega, p. 122, #3) Poopo is the name given to the Deaguardero canal (maybe as ‘Canal guards’ who may have come from Popocatepetl and given that insulting name?) Did they wear beards? (Sprague. et al, 1973) The canal leads one to Lake Titicaca. Other typical Maya items, are forehead  and head lengthening of the skull  (K. Doig p. 503) mention of Los Orejones  during the post-conquest times of Huascar, the legitimate heir. (long ears from wearing heavy ear spools?) (Ibid p/ 615) 

           Both the passage north and the passage south are well defined. There is more information available for such data, one only has to search harder for it.  The major problem is that the Conquest of all the Americas has literally been erased from the native histories, except when and where it was saved usually in plain sight.
_______

[1] Sheppard, Barbara M. (Art Director) (1992). Incas: Lords of Gold and Glory. New York, The Time, Inc. Book Company / Time-Life Books / Robert H. Smith, Publisher, p. 158 timeline has serpent holder.with Chavin de Hauntar date of Early Horizon, 1400-400 BC

[2] Doig, F. K. (1971, 263)  Fig. 02: Arqueológia Peruana: Visión Integral
Lima, Peru: Promoción Editorial Inca, SA. Fig. 357 From Sechin, Peru, three star in hat as a triangle, feathers indicate hair (or fire, as Maya/Astec symbolism)

 [3] Gates, William, (1978, 126)  glyph number 93; All are associated with the god of death who wears the cacophonic noise of a low flying comet overhead.

[5]  Doig, F. K. (1971, 169)  Fig. 167 El  arte litico Chavin.. El felino sentaado
 Las representadas de felines son tambien en el formativo mesoamericano abundantes.

[6] El Tigre de Baul, A Cat or a Dog?

Berlitz, C. (None),Mysteries of Ancient South America Braniff Place International Travel Magazine,  p 10-12-14 Inca

Betazanos,J. d. (1987)  Suma Y narración de los Incas [1551]
Madrid:

Cobo, F. B. (1990)  Inca Religion and Customs  (Roland Hamilton, Trans.) Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press

Cobo, F. B. (1993)  History of the Inca Empire: An account of the Indians' customs and their origin together with a treatise on Inca Legends, history, and social institutions Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press

Chocano, J. S. (1976)  El Idilio de los Volcanoes:  Leyendas Indigenes Hispano-Americanas y Españolas] Mexico, D F,  Mexico: Pepsa Editores

Benavides-Cáceres, V. E. (1956)  Cretaceous System in Northern Peru
(Bulletin No. 108)  American Museum of Natural History, New York

Vecco, M. (2003). ChavÌn de Huántar: The Conspiracy of the Gods.
Rumbos Online, I (3), 58. ChavÌn de Huántar

Urton, Gary  (1981) At the Crossroads of the Earth and the Sky: An Andean Cosmology, Austin: University of Texas Press.
pp. 54-69 discusses related modern ideas.about the Milky Way (mayo or ‘river’)

Hay, C. L., Linton, Lothrop, Shapiro and Vaillant
(1940) The Maya and Their Neighbors, New York Chapter III, p. 426 - 427, (Bibliography: 1937 Lothrop, S. K. "Zacualpa: A Study of Ancient Quiche Artifacts (Carnegie Institute of Washington publication 472, Washington DC . 1937. Coclé, "An Archeological Study of Central Panama" (part 1, Memoirs Peabody Museum of Harvard University, Vol. 7 Cambridge) Figure 181 Table XII)  emeralds and gold from Ecuador in Coclé. South American emeralds in Mexican loot. Gold ornaments from Coclé and Colombia at Chichen Itza in Yucatan; Peruvian goldwork in Guatemala and Oaxaca in Mexico-Spondylus Shells

de Camp, L. Spague. and Catherine C. de Camp (1973)  Citadels of Mystery (formerly titled Ancient Ruins and Archaeology), (1973) New York: Ballantine Books.    Beard on sky-god Itzamná

Tbe Codex Bodley ; [can found on  famsi.org]

WHAT IF…?

       In a previous post, November 2, 2012, I had realized, after several years of usage, that my astronomy book for telescopes, had illustrated our galaxy. The thing that struck me first was that the Earth we live on, was not shown. Yet, it was located around our sun in a very small section of one open spiral [See below, where arrows located our Sun; in one galactic view photographed from above and the other as a side view]. [1]

Our Galactic Solar Location       

       The next view of our spiral showed a bevy of stars, some of which I was familiar with, and others,  I thought were very far away from my normal viewing field.  I was a bit surprised to see that Orion was below our summer stars instead of being separated by the Via Lacta (as two different commonly seen branches of the Milky Way.) Then I had a strange thought: How could it be two different branches when all stars are, more or less, together in the same spiral?

The Upper register is our Summer view of the Via Lacta
while the Lower register is our Winter view.

       In an early presentation this month, at the University of Houston for the Southern Conference of Central Mesoamerica,  I had also included two versions of the Earth: Winter view of the stars and the Summer view of the stars (north being straight up and the two versions of earth at 23.5° angles).

The Earth in Orbit, 180° during the Fall and Winter
And 180° during the Spring and Summer months..

   So that when we see our Summer Register [shown on the right side] Peru and southern countries below the Equator see the Winter register. The sky then appears to contain two different branches of the Milky Way. As it can be noted in the above view, the exact center actually shows that  both the Upper and Lower Registers are shown in the same area of our particular spiral view; i.e the Spring and Autumn times of the year.

   However, I remembere d that Seven Macaw and Tlaltecuhtli have similar stories. Both have the color blue, and also have lost parts of their bodies: Seven Macaw, lost both his teeth and metallic eye ornaments that were replaced by white maize kernels, whileTlaltecuhtli lost her arms and legs to two different comets. All were then carried down to earth.

      Remembering the information given my by my dentists; that all constellations are upside-down south of the equator, an stramge thought struck me suddenly.   What if . . . there is only ONE Milky Way branch that we see, that there is only one  leg: our own particular single spiral of the galaxy? 

      However, having previously discovered that some constellations have only a 90° turn, while others have a 180° turnabout, both under AND over the equator, can it remotely possible that the view of all the stars changed into different formations, creating different configuraions, therefore becoming newer southern constellations?

   I think that if astronomers created a huge cube as they have for the space shuttles to follow, and did a 3-D turn-around, one might just be able to distinguish the old as the cube is turning, just long enough to identify the new southern view. Are any astronomers able to do this project?  I would like to know and maybe other people would like to know if this is  possible or not?

    NASA has all the star locations or else they would never have been able to send a telescope or other exploration shuttles out into the sky across empty voids free of such  dangers as meteorites or asteroids. They also proved that they knew an asteroid had a specific orbit and were able to connect an exploratory shuttle [Tempe] to that asteroid. 

Can they create such a sky cube as a 3-D image and rotate it so that new star compositions can be evaluated?  I am quite sure they can.











______________
[1]   Dickinson, Terence (1999, 20) Nightwatch: A Practical Guide to Viewing the Universe. 3rd edition.

[2]   Ibid, (2001, 21)

Two Stone Heads from Chavin de Huantar, Peru

Two Stone Heads from Chavin de Hunantar, Peru

       At first glance, the stone heads from Chavin de Huantar, Peru appear to be what the archaeologists thought they were: Two iconized heads of humans depicting serious drug use during a religious ceremony or of a soul-searching acolyte before he is accepted into the priesthood of the Inca. The multiple serpents around the head are supposed to indicate the painful reaction to the drugs being used.

         The head on the left, however, has huge eyes at the top under a hat or cap of some sort that seems to be completely out of proportion to the rest of the face. The nares of the nose fit where eyes should be placed, even over the whistling pursed mouth effect. The tears that seem to be falling from the upper eyes, may be melting hands, or serpents. Is this stone head only illustrating that it was a mask for a certain astro-religious ceremony, nothing more.

        The head on the right has eyes that might be correct, but the mouth area has a deep framed border with a sharp chin apparently jutting out from under a complex mask.with only the mouth area open around the pursed wind-blowing lips. The top of this head has the appearance of a great bird. covering a real person underneath that image..  

        Serpents, large and small, are on these two stone images. It is an indication for the archeaologista to look for the serpents depicted elsewhere. Since masks were usually used to portray gods there must be a serpent god somewhere it the Inca pantheon, and sure enough the golden god found in the book. Incas:  Lords of Gold and Glory. 

Another serpent encircled square headed version of this god 

is found in  Arqueológia Peruana (Doig, 1971, 346 & 356) 

       This god is supposedly from a very early period of Peruvian histtory, however, he appeass in many diffeent places, one of which is on one of the Izapa monuments in Mexico.  Only there he is an upside-down boat as the serpent belt, while the figure itself is holding what appears to be Egyptian Ankhs. But knowing the angles of the serpents, even when they are upside-down, it is the same figure in an Izapan stela (#67) In Izapa, the belt and serpents are now the boat. The man is the same snaggle-toothed god backed by the arc of a rainbow. Above his head in the broken section,there is the remains of a slanted roof.

      I did not immediately find that piece of the roof icon, but I found it is the same angle at 23.5 degrees, just as the man, himself is the same, carved on Stela # 22, that shows a great sky turmoil with several dragon-serpent heads with square eyes.  The water under both boats (22 and 67) have a sky god at each end. IF such are sky gods, then the "water" [as rain] is only the Milky Way. The only reason the fish are there is to show you that there is "water" even in the sky.

       In Peru, though, the two heads the illustration shows different elements of the two serpents; one of the whistling noise [pursed lips] done by the erratic actions of an animal aviator on the left . On the right side of the picture is the great wind maker [with flapping lips] that blew down fragile stick and palm frond houses as from the wings of a great bird with powerful wings.

       The two stone heads are truncated glyphic images of the actions of the gods used as masks in religious ceremonies, true, but there was no need of drug inducements. Masks such as those illustrated told the whole story  One can refer to a capstone image of a such a wind, in the glyph iconography of a bird with two heads, found at Ek Balam, Mexico. The head facing forward, is a raptor, while the one facing the rear, is the great wind that pushes the bird forward.  Not quite exact imagery. but it does retain the wind-bird image of the Peruvian stone masks.

       Such similarities, do not necessarily have to indicate migration patterns, Mostly, they refer to astronomy and a Twin comet which orbited the earth several times. Such myths, even of Peru, indicate that a longer day (or night) was caused by such a strong comet wind that blew down Cuzco's homes several times, So a pact was made with the wind god and Cuzco was built in a long day

       Our present culture is so full of misused drugs that our first thoughts are that the primitive people used the same methods for their religions.  It is very doubtful that an intelligent government could be so detailed and workable for so long, if mind-altering drugs would have fueled their activities. Nevertheless, the masks, hidden for so many years, would be a good indication that it was a religion  based on the stars above, that the Conquistadores had to destroy.
______________________________________
Sheppard, Barbara M. (Art Director) (1992. 158). Incas: Lords of Gold and Glory. New York, The Time, Inc. Book Company / Time-Life Books / Robert H. Smith, Publisher. Chavin de Huantar
GarStaff god with a serpent in each hand and two hanging from his belt.

Doig, F. K. (1971, 245)  Arqueológia Peruana: Visión Integral Lima, Peru: Promoción Editorial Inca, SA.  An excellent version of a very small Peruvian flying god (Fig. 312) found in this book. Most flying gods in this book have serpent feathers on their backs instead of wings [as Fig. 389].

Norman, Garth V. (1976).  Izapa Sculpture:  Album Papers No. #30 Izapa Sculpture: Text Papers No. #30. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University.Stela 22 and Stela 67.

(1982. . . . .) Square eyes is a modismo of Texcoco.  It means "surprise", or "amazement" for some reason. Personal observation with conversation.

Florida Sinkhole Maps as an Aside

Sinkholes in Florida

      Earlier I wrote about Florida's sinkholes when a sleeping gentleman lost his bedroom and his life. No maps were available at that time, but the one above turned up on a Google search after a Disney World hotel at Clermont crumbled in a 300 foot hole that was 15 feet deep.

     The above map is scary to say the least, even if each dot is miles apart and only clustered because the map is tiny. One other map is just as frightening. How can anyone stay in the state or even visit it with such a barrage of holes showing up so unexpectedly all the time.

An almost black and white version of the above map

     A third map shows the counties involved.

But not all these are sinkholes

Why worry?  The damage has already been done. Good insurance will take care of the rest. H.m.m.m.m.  So we have all quiet on the eastern front.

ADDENDUM:

With all quiet on the Eastern front,  Am I kidding. I have ignored the Disney Hotel in Cleburne, Florida. that sank into a sinkhole, up to its top floor windows, serveral years ago. People were saved when the rescuers used ladders to those windows and the clients were able to leave the building. What happened to that Hotel was never in the paper after the rescue that I know of.

Disney's tickets to Disneyland in Florida rose steadily. A couple of years later an alligator (or crocodile) attacked a child in one of the lakes inside one of the beach displays. From that time on, very little has been written in the news about Disney properties in Orlando.

However, in Miami and along the coastlines (the Atlantic, the Pacific and the Gulf of Mexico) have put up jetties for private boat mooring with landing excursions. and private beaches for hotels and thourist stopovers on islands or mainland areas. Once they are installed, beach erosion occurs; not because of the glaciers in the Arctic and Antarctic zones, but from the natural wave movement that now is compressed into smaller areas along the shorelines.

Once beach erosion terminates, the wave action moves on into the jetty areas and begins to tear up streets, buildings, and fills the coves with the sand it could not place along shorelines any more. Engineers who put down the jetties, suddenly found that the jetties were much too expensive to remove. sand and water began to encroach upon the land in a vain natural effort to even out the shorelines again. 

Miami, and Miami Beach, Florida ares now getting flooded during major storms in many places where I once worked. The few aquafers trapped in the coral rock base of the peninsula are beginning to find salt water seepage; very destructive to necessary water for the towns and villages nearby.  Building that once sat high above the water line, now must have water barriers so sidewalk bistros and cafes are below the salt water incursions under the land. 

Florida is now sinking under water, with the aid of acidified oceans which melt its coral rock base. The swamp land that it once was before Flagler put in his rail lines. is soon to return.  Builders who overbuilt hotels, apartments and condos into improbable heights are rushing to make those building even more expensive to live in. The owners of such properties, have to get their money back before the water gets much higher. Even Cape Canaveral is hurting.

Russia's Siberian lands of Permafrost have been having problems in the West.  On April 16, 2017, there was a report about the year 2008, a giant sinkhole called the Batagaika Crater formed 400 feet below the permafrost near the village of Betagai. This sinkhole has become a canyon over the land and is getting 600 feet longer every year. The canyon walls, swept clean, are now uncovering ancient mastadons and othereria animal carcasses.
[See http://scribal.com/a/anthropology-and-history-giant-crator-mysterious-siberian-gateway-hell]

Apparently the earth is complaining bitterly about what we do not know. Yes, it is Climate Change, but, what part of it?

YAL, a Glyph from Palenque

      The above rough sketch I discovered in my ancient notes about Palenque. The definition given in the Maya Seminar for this glyph was YAL,  which. could mean "Mother of child"  or it could refer to "throwing something away, [or out]".

      When I was studying under Linda Schele, I asked if I could do a paper on Manik, the Hand, not as a calendar sign, but as a glyph. Linda said, "No, because there are so many things that can be done with a hand, it is unlikely that one could isolate any one specific aspect."

     Well, that was way back in 1978.  Since then there have been some very surprising things that happened in my research.

Somewhere along the years that followed, I also was able to read Dennis Tedlock's The Popol Vuh. I had bought both versions (1985 and 1996) and as I read it I made copious notes. One aspect that intrigued me was Tedlock's insistence that a turtle does not produce enough eggs [or seeds] so he decided to replace the reference to the turtle carapace with a more prolific seed producer, the calabash, or squash. 

      His changes were accepted by all because of his logic, but for me, I became even more curious: What was wrong with a turtle producing multiple eggs that at their birth filled the sea with baby turtles. Could not figure out why until I read Goetz and Morley and discovered there was a good reason for the turtle. 

      The clue was in the Popol Vuh—at the end of the story of the Twins, Hunahpú and Xbalenqué—the young heroes of the story became the Sun and the Moon.  They carried with them, an entourage of 400 boys whom they had destroyed in an earlier encounter.  Since 400 in Aztec lore referred to, not 400 items, but many, many more, it was easy to see that the Twins carried with them a new branch of the Milky Way. ¡Astronomy………!  

       The whole Popol Vuh was about……Astronomy! Are there Squash or calabashes in the sky anywhere as a small or large constellation? No, there was never any reference in ancient texts about vegetables, only about human entities, altars, and animals forms. Was there ever a turtle in the sky with the human entities? Yes. Music had come from the sky because of a turtle carapace.

       The Australian Aborigines tried to duplicate that music with the Digerdoo and ordinary clapsticks.  They have been trying to do this for many years.  But in the Ancient Greek world,  Hermes defeated Apollo as a musician when he created a lyre from a turtle carapace. 

       

      Oh? But the Maya did not know anything about the Australian Aborigines or even the Greeks, both  qho lived on the other side of the world. Yet, the Maya glyphs and ceramics are filled with turtle carapaces, used as body armor,  or birth places for certain gods. It was also mentioned in the Popol Vuh during the second ballgame.  No music involved here.

      Just before that ball game [the second that the Twins had tried to play]; Hunahpú lost his head to the bats in Xibalba in the House of Darkness, Xbalenqué acquired a turtle shell and carved a head for Hunahpú.  Xbalenqué then enlisted a rabbit to pretend to be the ball, It was to run as far as possible instead of roll. The Xibalban players, completely confounded by a ball that ran away, sped after the rabbit. 

      What did Xbalenqué do when that occurred?  Did he clap his hands with glee and shout after the rabbit to run faster?  No, what he did was he grabbed the turtle-shell head of Hunahpú. He then ran into the ball court  recovered Hunahpu's head from the ball of the Xibalbans and hung the turtle carapace over the court.  When the players returned, he threw a stone at the turtle carapace and it "broke into a thousand pieces LIKE seeds." 

      So there was a turtle in the sky and it is now called Lyra or "the Lyre" in memory of Hermes contest with Apollo. So he question that still remains is where does the Hand of God fit into the sky theme?  Was it the hands of Apollow or of Hermes that play the lyre in the constellation Lyra . Did the Maya actually see the Hand in the sky? 

       Was the Hand, a feminine aspect of the gods, or was it a male entity that produced the spittle [sperm] for the Twins, as it passed though the skull-mouth of their father. The skull of their father still hangs in the tree called the Milky Way a bit northwest of Deneb of the Summer Triangle, [or Northern Cross or Cygnus the bird] All three names apply to the one constellation that is part of three different constellations, one of which is Lyra.

       The nebula, called the "Hand," threw out the spittle through the open mouth of the father. The father, who died in the first encounter with the Xibalbans, is just another nebula called NGC 7000. It has the shape of a skull covered with cinnibar . The spittle from the Hand of God sped directly into the hand of the maiden Ix {the term to identify a "lady"], the Moon goddess, [Ix Chel?]; also called Blood Moon.  Comets are usually fire balls and would have produced a very red moon when the Twins, as a double comet passed nearby.

      This was the Hand as the "Hand" [of God] that I was searching for in 1978.  However, it was not available at that time, so Linda's advice, then was correct. A Hand had too many things that it could do, but only the Hand of God could eject the spittle as fireballs in the sky. 

       So the first part of the glyph translation was correct. To "throw something out,"  as in the west panel of the Temple of the Inscriptions in Palenque, or better said "to eject the sperm" in the story of the Popol Vuh.  The second part of the translation also could fit the birth process since a child is expelled,  or "thrown out" from the woman when it [or they were] born.  The Maya were then able to use both nebulae to created not only the glyph but also the story of the Popol Vuh since they saw the whole process in the sky.  HOW? We cannot see it except through the NASA Hubble Space Telescope!

      The partial answer is in a previous blog [dated June 20, 2013] entitled Ek Balaam,  Two Capstones that has as part of its contents, the "Hand of God" and gives in detail, where it had been seen with telescopes during the VII century AD. 

     One should note that the telescope that was used to see the Hand of God was just an ordinary telescope with a few small lenses.  They were nowhere near the size of the lens found in modern observatories such as the Palomar and the McDonald, or at other observatories now found around the world.

______________________

Goetz and Morley, (1954, 148) [the web version[ The manuscript copy tells us that the following phrases were on page. 108 of 196 total pages in the original manuscript,

At once Xbalanqué took possession of the head of Hunahpú; and taking the turtle he went to suspend it over the ball-court.. . . PresentlyX balanqué threw a stone at the turtle, which came to the ground and fell in the ballcourt, breaking into a thousand pieces like seeds, before the lords.